Case with a waist horseshoe (left) and no waist horseshoe (right)
Ming-style furniture, "specify the furniture that is beautiful and beautiful in the period before the Qing Dynasty." The main types of furniture such as chair stools, table cases and bed-beds of Ming-style furniture can be divided into no-waist and waist. Two types.
The basis of change in styling and structural decoration
There are two ways to waist the waist, that is, low waist and high waist. The shape of the non-waisted furniture is relatively simple, and the straight line is the core configuration element, and the method of adding the round legs to increase the change is its "grammar". In order to increase the stability of the structure, the non-waist furniture has a "side foot" structure, that is, the panel and the legs are slightly more than 90 degrees, forming a trapezoidal frame with a narrow upper and a lower width, which enhances the stability of the furniture. And static sense.
The corset furniture is the use of the transition of the waist to make the teeth and legs have a room for relaxation and reorganization of the space. Their shape, width, and intersection with the face can be changed with the ingenuity of the carpenter. Play. However, the change of the shape of the waist furniture is strictly abiding by its aesthetic principles, so that people can marvel at their magnificent rise and appreciate their unified cultural temperament when they appreciate Ming style furniture today.
In the waist-type furniture, the tooth strips are generally bulged at least flush with the surface of the face. The freedom of the shape makes the legs and feet use the square material and the material is enlarged, which produces a beautiful and round material. The artistic effect is very different, and the sense of volume and weight of the furniture shape is greatly increased, which implies the positive elements of sculpture aesthetics. The bulging state produces a variety of possibilities, and has been a series of two types of square legs and legs, which are matched with straight and curved strips. Straight leg and leg are square and rigorous, and there is a lot of change. The most common ones are the so-called "drums and fangs" and "three-legged legs". The former is an arc to the bottom, and the latter is halfway. Bent out, creating a beautiful and elegant look.
The structural decoration that matches this leg shape also has the use of the tyrants, horseshoes, and mud, which have both the practicality of the stable structure and the decorative effect of the landscaping. From the analysis of their decorative effects, Overlord makes the high-waist furniture avoid the separation of the structure such as straight shovel and Luopan squat, and the contour of the circle formed by the teeth and the legs is more complete.
The horseshoe is made up of the extension of the legs and feet, and is dug with the whole material at the grounding. Whether it is inversion or eversion, the legs and feet are changed at the grounding point, so that the spatial level can be adjusted again. The mud is added as a circle under the horseshoe, which makes the horizontal profile of the furniture appear again at the ground. These echoes with the superstructure are intended to change the overall shape while changing the shape, so that the shape of a piece of furniture becomes more self-reliant.
Line and foot, carved stage
The non-waist furniture mostly uses round materials, and due to the limitation of construction, it is necessary to add at least a straight reinforced reinforcement between the legs, and the area of ​​each constituent material is divided into small, and the extra decoration is difficult to display. Generally, such furniture In addition to the general purpose of the line decoration, the decoration of the round material is the most distinctive. The engraving is reflected in the narrower strips, the small embossed embossed lines and the small clips that are inserted between the teeth and the plaque.
Because of the multi-purpose square material, there is a sense that the craftsman who is good at the line decoration will feel like a fish. In addition to the application of a piece of furniture without a waist, the line decoration of the waist-shaped furniture also utilizes the characteristics of the square material, resulting in two decorative methods of kneading and snoring. The so-called kneading surface is such that two or more faces of the square material protrude slightly outward into an arc shape to match the full outer expansion of the entire shape. The snoring is the opposite of the fact that the concave surface is dug in the surface of the legs of the legs, the squats, the sides of the table, etc., so that the furniture as a whole produces a thin and enduring tendency.
The large face exposed by the face, waist, teeth and legs of the waist furniture is the main part of the carving decoration. In the straight-legged furniture with waist straight teeth, the decorative patterns are more in pursuit of solemn and solemn feeling, so they like to use the pattern of the corners and the corners of the dragon. On the furniture of the swelled leg, the flowing lines can relax and sway along the contour of the curved material. Therefore, the grass lotus pattern and the grass dragon pattern are easy to play, and the size of the object can be freely simplified or The complex decorative theme will be more mature.
Generally speaking, the degree of carving of the waisted furniture is larger than that of the non-waisted furniture, but its carving technique mainly consists of flat carving, relief and openwork. Don't forget to save materials when designing, so the round sculptures that are more flamboyant and consume the material are used less. There are also a few examples of the waist-shaped Ming furniture that engraves the entire land, but strives to bring out the beauty and texture of the piece of furniture without destroying its integrity.
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