Recently, doctors at the University of California, Los Angeles and the University of Edinburgh's Regenerative Medicine Center are perfecting a new technology that uses patient stem cells to grow human ears.
It is reported that they used 3D polymers to make ear molds, and then implanted stem cells in the patients' own fat.
"This new method can change the entire system of care," said Professor Ken Stewart, one of the researchers. He is also a plastic surgeon at the Royal Hospital.
The researchers particularly hope to solve the problem of reduced ear development caused by congenital malformations and a series of hearing problems for children with congenital microtia.
Currently, part of the rib cartilage is obtained from the body of the patient with microtia, and then grafted with the surgeon's ear and skin to create a new ear. It is considered to be a complicated and dangerous method, rather than being able to create a perceptive ear.
For new technology, doctors have used Atec 3D scanners to obtain digital models of patients' ears. And if the patient's ears have small ears, then the ears of family members can be used as a model. First 3D print the model, then inject stem cells to form regenerated tissue. The polymer scaffold degrades, leaving the entire ear made.
The key to this process is the fact that stem cells are derived from fat. First of all, compared with bone marrow extraction, their extraction is minimally invasive. This type of stem cells in fat is the best type because they are rich and easy to extract. In addition, the adipose tissue contains mesenchymal stem cells, which have the ability to plant connective tissue cells, that is, pluripotent stem cells.
The researchers pointed out that this technique has the potential to treat deformities, and it can also be applied to the treatment of an ear lost due to a tumor, or the treatment of the nose, knee or hip. 
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