Modern Printing Application 1.5

Printing> Section 3 Printing of Banknotes, Stamps and Other Securities

One. Banknote printing

Printing > (4) Local government and private banknote printing

In modern China's banknote printing, besides central government-controlled banks and banknotes issued by printing houses, various local (provincial and county) government and privately-run financial institutions have also issued many banknotes and exchange certificates, resulting in modern China. The printing and circulation of banknotes is extremely confusing. This is a phenomenon peculiar to Chinese history caused by China's vast territory, political inconsistency, unbalanced economic development, natural economy-dominated development, and numerous aggressions by foreign powers. The printing of banknotes by local government-run financial institutions is roughly as follows:

(1) Zhili (Hebei) Province.

The financial institutions of Hebei Province where local government officials and private parties issue banknotes include Beiyang Tianjin Silver, Beiyang Silver Dollar Bureau, Zhili Provincial Bank, Hebei Provincial Bank, Jingzhao Yinqin Bureau, Peiping Agricultural Bank, Peking City Bank, Tianjin Bank, Hebei Yinqin Bureau, etc. All have issued their own banknotes. among them:

Beiyang Tianjin Silver issued two silver votes in 1903. The copper ticket issued in 1904 and the silver coin issued in 1908 were printed by the British Banknote Printing Corporation. Figures 17-33 are printed by the Hebei Provincial Bank.

The Beiyang Silver Dollar Bureau printed copper coupons in the 31st year of Guangxu (1905).

The Bank of Zhili Province had issued a variety of banknotes. Among them, the banknotes issued in 1916 were printed in the United Kingdom; in 1920 they were printed by the American Banknote Corporation; in 1925, 1929, 1932, and 1934, they were printed by the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance; and in 1940, they were printed by the Shanghai Dadong Publishing Company. The banknotes of the Hebei Provincial Banking and Money Bureau, Peking Agricultural Bank, and Peiping City Bank were all printed by the printing department of the Peiping Ministry of Finance. The details are omitted.

(2) Shandong Province.

The local government-private financial institutions in Shandong Province issued banknotes such as Shandong Guanyin, Shandong Bank, Shandong Provincial Bank, Shandong Minsheng Bank, Shandong Pingshi Government Bureau, and Qingdao Local Bank. Among them: The Shandong official silver number was established in Guangxu twenty-two years (1896), the first name was Tongji official money bureau. The silver bulletin issued in the 20 years of Guangxu (1902) was printed by the Shiyan Bureau of Jinan. Thirty-one years of Guangxu (1905) and thirty-three years (1907) were printed by Japan. In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, the silver was suspended. Local authorities in Shandong Province re-established Shandong Bank in August of the Republic of China.

After the establishment of Shandong Bank, in 1912, Siu Cheung Printing Co., Ltd. printed silver dollar coupons; in 1916, the Commercial Press printed one, five, and ten dollar coupons, and one was printed by the Shanghai Commercial Printing Factory. In the 14th year of the Republic of China, the Bank of Shandong changed to Shandong Commercial Bank and continued to issue more than two silver, silver and tickets.

The Shandong Provincial Bank was established in September 1925. In 1924 when the preparations were made, the Bank commissioned the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance to print one, five, and ten yuan notes. From 1925, it was printed separately by the printing department of the Ministry of Finance and the U.S. banknote company. Figures 17-34 are one-and ten-dollar vouchers printed by the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance. From these two banknotes, we can see the level of banknote printing in China in 1925.

Shandong Minsheng Bank was established in the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930). After its establishment, it issued the Shandong Provincial Treasury Coupons, and later issued auxiliary coins to counteract the circulating currency at that time. From 1936 to 1943, the bank issued a total of 17 types of banknotes, which were all printed by the Printing Bureau of the Shandong Provincial Government.

In addition, the copper coupons issued by the official bureau of Shandong Pingshi are printed by the Printing Bureau of the Shandong Provincial Government; the bank notes issued by the local bank of Qingdao are printed by the printing bureau of the Ministry of Finance of Beiping.

(3) Henan Province.

The local government-private government financial institutions in Henan Province issued banknotes, including the Henan Quanquan Bank Bureau, Henan Provincial Bank, Henan Industrial Bank, and Henan Agricultural Bank. among them:

The predecessor of the Yuquan official bank money bureau was founded in the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896) Henan Yuquan official money bureau. In August of the 30th year of Guangxu, the number of the official bank was added to the bureau, and the merger of the latter bureau and the number was renamed the Yuquan official bank money bureau. The bureau issued a variety of silver, two silver and dollar bills. After the Republic of China, the bank notes continued to be used for distribution and was printed by the printing department of the Ministry of Finance. In the meantime, in 1918, U.S. Banknote Co., Ltd. undertook three kinds of silver bullets for one, five, and ten yuan. In 1923, the Henan provincial authorities reorganized the bureau into a Henan provincial bank, located in Kaifeng, and continued to print vouchers, which were printed by the Printing Department of the Peking Ministry of Finance.

In December of the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), the bank of Henan Province was suspended from business, and the Henan Agricultural Bank was established in March of the Republic of China (1928). The bronze ticket and exchange certificate issued by the Agricultural Bank of Henan in 1930 were printed by the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance; the exchange certificate issued in 1937 was printed by the Commercial Press; the one-yuan ticket issued in 1940 was printed by Xingguo Printing Factory.

(4) Liaoning Province.

Local and private financial institutions issuing banknotes in Liaoning Province, Fengtian Huafeng official post and Huasheng official post office, Fengtian official silver number, Dongsan provincial official silver number, Fengtian Hejiping city Qianhao, Fengtian Agricultural Bank, Fengtian Xingye Bank, Fengtian Commercial Bank, Northeast Border Bank, and Liaoning Provincial City Four-Line Joint Preparation Bank. Among them, Fengtian Guanyin was the one that issued the largest number of banknotes. It printed two silver bulletin tickets for the thirty-one years (1905) and thirty-four years (1908) of Guangxu by Beiyang Guanzhi Bureau. In 1909, the Fengtian official silver number was renamed the official silver number of the three eastern provinces. Colours 17-35 are the ten-dollar exchange notes printed by the silver coin in 1924 and the one-hundred dollar notes issued in 1992. The circulation of the banknotes of the official silver of the East Three Provinces is very large. The details are listed in Table 17-3.

The banknotes of Fengtian Agricultural Bank were printed by Beiyang Official Newspaper Bureau. Fengtian Industrial Bank was printed by the Beiyang Bureau Bureau six years ago. From the Seventh Year of the Republic of China (1918) to the Twelfth Year of the Republic of China (1923), six banknotes were printed by American Banknote Corporation.

Table 17-3 List of Banknotes Issued by Dongsan Provincial Government Silver No. * This table is based on the work of Mr. Dai Jiannian.

(5) Heilongjiang Province.

The financial institutions that issue banknotes in Heilongjiang Province include Heilongjiang Province Guangxin Corporation, Heilongjiang Province Guanyin, and Dongsan Bank. among them:

The Bank of the East Three Provinces was founded by Zhang Zuolin in 1920. The banknotes issued by the Bank in 1920 were printed by the printing department of the Ministry of Finance; the three banknotes issued in 1921 were printed by American Banknote Corporation; four banknotes were then issued and printed by the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance.

(6) Jilin Province.

The official and private financial institutions that issued local banknotes in Jilin Province during the period from the late Qing Dynasty to Japan invaded and occupied the three eastern provinces. â—† There were two bureaucratic bureaus of Jilin Yongheng and Jilin Yongheng officials. The two banknotes issued were printed by the Jilin Yongheng Printing Bureau, with the exception of the printing department of the Ministry of Finance and the United States Bank of America. The color chart 17-36 is issued in 1917 by Jilin Yongheng Bank Money Co.

(7) Shanxi Province.

Local government-private financial institutions issuing banknotes in Shanxi Province include Shanxi Jinqin official bank money number, Dahan Bank Shanxi official money bureau, Shanxi Jinsheng Bank, Shanxi Bank, Jinci local railway silver, Wanxi Handanye, Jin North salt silver and so on. The banknotes issued by these financial institutions are mostly printed by the Northwest Printing Factory except those printed by the Printing Department of the Ministry of Finance.

(8) Jiangsu Province.

The local government-private financial institutions that issue banknotes in Jiangsu Province include Jiangsu Bureau of Banking, Bank of Jiangsu, Jiangsu Provincial Bank and Jiangsu Farmers Bank. Among them: The Jiangsu Bureau of Official Banking Bureau was established in February of the 19th year of Emperor Guangxu (1903). It has two sub-offices, Yining and Yusu. The money making ticket at the beginning of the establishment was printed by the printing department of Japan’s Treasury Department. It was later printed by the Commercial Press. In 1905 and 1907, Shanghai Hanwen Printing Co., Ltd. printed nine bronze and silver dollar tickets.

The silver bullets issued by Yusu were printed in 1906 and 1908 and were printed by Shanghai Hanwen and Su Wen.

Jiangsu Farmers Bank was established in 1927 and issued a corner ticket in 1933. It was printed by the Shanghai Dadong Publishing House. In 1936, the Dadong Publishing Company and Daye Company printed three corner tickets for them. In 1939, 1940, and 1941, they were printed by Dadong Book Company and Yuxing respectively. The Dadong Publishing House printed one dollar note for it. In 1941 Shanghai printed five yuan coupons.

At that time, the Shanghai Dadong Book Bureau printed more banknotes. In addition to the above, it was also a printed money ticket for the official money bureau of Xuzhou City.

(9) Zhejiang Province.

The local government-private financial institutions that issue banknotes in Zhejiang Province include Zhejiang Guanyin, Zhejiang Bank, Zhejiang Bank of the Republic of China, Zhejiang Local Industrial Bank, Zhejiang Local Bank, Agricultural Bank of Zhejiang Province, and Bank of Zhejiang Province. The manufacturer of the banknotes for printing is the Shanghai Commercial Press.