Rope structure
(1) Number: The standard rope team is a two- or three-person team. It is unrealistic for four or more people to be slow.
(2) Master Ropes: Rope teams climbing in the snow usually use braided ropes 7 to 9 centimeters in diameter and 30 to 40 meters in length, while poor rope or inferior material can be used as a fixed rope. Or tow backpack.
(3) Staffing: The first person is called the leader. He is responsible for the selection and development of the route. It is the most dangerous. The second major task is to provide security and stability for the leaders. The third experience is poor.
(4) Knots: Each player is ensured by the master ropes. The master ropes must be tied to everyone's safety harnesses or the hooks of the safety harnesses. Therefore, it is best to choose a safe and simple knot, usually the first one. A person called a knot or a rope knot, a second played a middle knot, and a third called a knot of 8 knots.
(5) Pitch: The rope between climbers is not static and is generally maintained at five to ten meters. The pitch is maneuvered along with terrain, snow conditions, and gradient. The ropes of the pitch cannot be completely straightened and touch the ground. There should be moderate slack so that when teammates fall, there is a buffer time to make sure and brake measures.
(6) Rope loop: The loop is (1) adjusts the pitch at any time according to the change of the terrain; (2) provides a buffer space between the fallr and the ensurer, and the rope team members hold 3 to 4 loops respectively. Circle, so encountered the team members fall, they have to ensure that the buffer space, avoid single-handed while holding the ice ax and loops, must hold the ice axe and the rope loop in both hands, the size of the rope diameter is not limited, do not touch the hand-held loop The principle of the ground.
Climbing method
1. The continuous climbing route is a zig-zag style of climbing. The lead is open, and the players behind it follow their route, which saves a lot of physical strength and time, but it is necessary to avoid the possible fall route of the lead. In order to prevent the leader from falling, it cannot be moved. When the team climbs, when the team members fall, they should shout and fall, warn their companions, and at the same time make a slipping motion. The other two quickly make self-assurance movements. If the fallrs are not injured, they fall and stop and resume their equilibrium posture and regain their balance. Start climbing. If a slippery person is injured or falls into a glacial crevice, his team member should complete the self-assurance action to ensure that the liberation is separated from the master rope and rescue operations are initiated.
2, interactive climbing:
When the climbing route meets a steep terrain, the team cannot take a continuous climb. It must be secured by a fixed point or mutual guarantee. In this case, the team will adopt a single-person climb and double interaction to ensure the rotation. (Triple team abbreviation: A, B, C)
The three men preferred to use the ice ax to open up a safe and flat base and prepare the main rope for climbing. "B" adopts a standing position to ensure the posture, "A" starts climbing, "C" uses the ice axe to ensure the fulcrum, and "B" arranges the main rope and the release rope. The main rope of the climbing process does not touch the ground as much as possible. When "A" finds a suitable anchor point or the main rope will be used up, it must first develop a safe, flattened posture that ensures sitting posture. When "A" completes the seated position and secures the main rope around the waist, "B" prepares to climb to "A" along the main rope. "B" buckles into the master rope and starts climbing. If he is not confident in climbing the terrain, he can use the climber to climb. When "B" climbs to "A", unlock the safety ring and take a seat. Be sure to sit next to "A" and be ready to help with the rope. When "B" completes the sitting posture, "C" begins to climb. C "Climbing process," "A" must quickly recover the rope, while B" help to organize the main rope, the best way is to recover the main rope draped shoulder. The three people meet again to decide who should climb first.
3, climbing climber
Climbers use climbers to climb to increase safety, but climbers must be careful to switch to avoid falling when they reach a fixed point. The conversion steps are (1) climbers prefer to use the ice axe to insert snow to ensure that points (2) are preferentially removed and transferred. Securely change the position, (3) Take down and change the position of the climber to continue climbing.
Self-assurance:
When a member of the rope team falls, the faller must call "fallen" to warn his companions. The other players immediately make wind resistance. At the same time, the ice axe is inserted into the rope and the palm is flat on the rope. Be careful not to be trapped by the rope. Twist, because the ice axe moves the main rope, can ensure that the team will not fall, this action is the basic act of self-assurance.
Standing position ensures:
Ensuring that the person uses the ice axe to create a safe and secure footing to ensure his safety. Insert the mouth of the ice axe completely into the snow, take an uninsured hook and hook on the axe of the ice axe, and step on the ice axe handle. Ensure that the person will be the main rope buckle into the hook and then the main rope picking a single shoulder to wear, while both hands grasp the two ends of the main rope at any time depending on the state of the climber to retract the master rope.
Seated waist ensures:
Make sure that the person using the ice axe develops a sitting posture and two steps to the level. These three points are suitable for sitting and can ensure their safety. In order to ensure its own safety, it is better to insert the pick of the ice axe into the snow behind the slope to ensure that the fulcrum is fixed. The main rope is around the waist, and the ropes are held at any time depending on the condition of the climber.
Ensure liberation:
When a member of the rope team cannot handle the problem himself and needs others to help, the other two teammates must leave the main rope to start the assistance. However, the preconditions for the two players to leave the main rope must be fixed to the main rope to ensure that the falling person does not After falling down, the action of the team members detaching from the main rope and fixing the main rope is called ensuring the liberation. The steps are to ensure that the person grasps the main rope with one hand (calling hand) and the other hand (called guide hand) with the Prussian rope ring as the support rope. The Prussian rope loops the Prussian rope around the master rope (knot must be trimmed). Take out an unsecured shackle and secure the fulcrum with the other end snapping into the back of the surety. To ensure the safety of the faller, ensure that the person must re-check once to ensure safety, and then ensure that the person looses the main rope slowly, at which point the rope will tighten and fix the main rope.
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