Printing common knowledge quiz

What is the staple binding material? What are the staple binding materials?

A: Stitch binding material refers to the use of stitching or stitching to make copies of various materials, such as discrete signatures and pages. Stapling materials used for the binding of cable and wire type two, line types are cotton, silk. Synthetic fiber yarns, etc., wire rods, metal rings, etc.

What is a cotton thread and what are the specifications for the binding thread?

Answer: The cotton thread is made of cotton fiber. There are two kinds of binding cotton, coating and non-glazing, and there are two types of packaging: straight shaft and tower shaft. The tower shaft type is mostly used for lock wire processing. Its specifications are based on professional standards as follows: 42 strands of yarn 4 and 6 strands, 60 strands of yarn 4 strands and 6 strands of white wax tower line, the models are respectively S424, S426 S604, S606 can also be denoted as 42S/4, 42S/6, 60S/4, 60S/6, where S represents the yarn, and the number under the diagonal line represents the number of shares.

What is a silk thread and what kind of link is it used for?

A: The silk thread is a kind of thread made of silk silk. It is the earliest book staple material used in our country's history. As early as the 15th century, for the first time in China's binding history, scattered pages were made into posts and were stitched together with a thread to form a booklet. The ordering thread used was silk thread. Because the silk and paper are similar in color, the texture is soft, the strength is good, smooth, strong and durable, so the book after the sewing is flat and beautiful, but the price of silk is high, and it is generally used only for the binding of books such as high-grade clothing and pictures.

What is the synthetic fiber line and what kind of link is used for the book?

A: Synthetic fiber is a kind of linking material that melts a polymer under high temperature and high pressure and then sprays the flow filament through a nozzle with a very fine pore size. After being solidified, it is processed into fibers and spun into threads. The strength of the connecting line made of synthetic fibers is very high. Fine lines can be used to staple the signature without breaking, with good firmness (more than 1 times higher than cotton) and no joints. In the sewing process, the wiring is not stopped due to the disconnection or the jamming of the hole, which affects the production. And this kind of line is slender, and the book after the lock is not high-backed, flat and tidy.

Synthetic fiber yarns can be used for stitching in bookbinding, stitching, sewing, etc., and are inexpensive, and are a kind of binding material with a large binding amount.

What is a hot-melt line and what kind of connection method is used?

A: The hot-melt line is a wire-shaped connecting material made of a heat-meltable polymer. When stapling, the temperature melts to a certain extent and sticks to the paper. The material used to make the hot-melt line is mainly polypropylene or polypropylene.

Hot-melt line is mainly used for hot-melt line hot-stab (usually called plastic line hot-stab). When hot-stabbing, the hot-melt line is placed at the front-folding position of the folder, through the hot-head device equipped with the folding machine. , Reverse the hot-melt line on the creases of each signature, and heat them by the heating elements on the hot head - order the feet to melt and bind on the outer crease, and the other foot is painted on the back of the book. When the adhesive (or cover), the binding feet are bonded to each other and firmly joined together.

Hot-melt line bookbinding is an advanced process, but it has not been valued and popularized for various reasons. If this kind of process can be used universally, it can replace the sewing processing of sewing thread binding, sewing sewing, and iron wire binding, which can save a lot of manpower and material resources.

What is wire and what are the specifications for binding wire?

A: The wire is a kind of wire made by drawing low-carbon steel. The hot metal blank is rolled into a 5mm thick steel wire, and then it is put into the wire drawing device to draw into different diameter wires, and the wire drawing disk is gradually reduced. The hole diameter, for cooling, annealing, coating and other processing technology into a variety of different specifications of wire. The specifications for binding iron wire are as follows: 0.50mm diameter 25# iron wire, 0.55mm diameter 24# iron wire, 0.60mm diameter 23# iron wire, and 0.70mm diameter 22# iron wire.

What is a metal ring? What kind of connection is used?

A: The metal ring is made of metal wire with different diameters, such as steel wire, copper wire, iron wire, etc., and has a certain size of ring, such as a tension spring. There are roughly the following types of binding metal rings:

One is to wind a metal wire into a cylindrical spring shape or roll into a long-formed metal ring that can be directly pierced by a coiling device. When binding, first make a hole in the opening to which the booklet is attached, and then add a metal ring. Manually or mechanically pierce the eyelet to create a booklet. This metal ring is often used for calendaring, etc., and its diameter is generally 0.55-0.70mm, and it can be used for coloring, plastic coating, etc. as needed to prevent rust and increase its appearance.

The second type is various circular, semi-circular, U-shaped metal rings of various diameters made of copper wires, chrome-plated iron wires, or metal wires that have been treated by injection molding or the like having diameters of 1-2 mm. The binding can be fixed or not fixed in the cover (ie, seal 2 or seal 3) or on the spine of the spine for use as a leaflet.

What is the binding material for binding? There are several bonding mechanisms.

Answer: The binding material used for bookbinding refers to a substance with excellent adhesive properties used when binding books. There are three kinds of adhesion mechanisms, namely, osmotic adhesion, attracting adhesion and semi-permeable bonding.

What is penetration adhesion?

A: Penetrating adhesion is the penetration of the binder into the micropores on the surface of the two bonded materials, and the bonded materials are bound together by mechanical force. This kind of bonding method is only effective for the adhered materials whose surface is able to penetrate the adhesive, and requires the adhesive liquid to have good fluidity, can penetrate into the pores (fiber holes) on the surface of the adhered material, and can be dried and cured. Hooks together two pieces of sticky material like countless small hooks, paper, cardboard. Fabrics and the like are all porous materials, and the binding method used for binding is mainly osmotic bonding.

What is attracting adhesion?

A: Attracting adhesion is based on the attraction between the binder and the molecules of the adhered substance, which bonds the two objects together. Suction-type adhesively bonded objects have no permeation capability, such as glass, porcelain, and plastic, and rely on the adhesive's own strength, strong adhesive force, and the attracting ability of polymer molecules in the chain structure to attract and firmly bond the two objects. It does not require a certain amount of pressure to penetrate and bond.

What is semi-permeable cement?

A: Semi-permeable cementation means that one of the two bonded materials has permeation capacity (that is, the surface has micropores), and the other has no permeation capacity (such as plastic, glass, etc.). It is necessary to bond the two together, such as paper and plastic. Bonding of films, bonding of paper and coating materials, etc. The adhesive used for this bond must have both the strength to attract the bond and the liquid flowability to penetrate and bond in order to achieve a good bond effect.

What are the requirements for binding adhesives?

A: (1) Wettability requirements: Wettability refers to the degree of wetting of an adhesive to a bonded object. When the adhesive is used, it must be applied to each part where the adhesive needs to be bonded in order to achieve the adhesive requirement. If the object to be bonded cannot completely wet the adhered part, it will cause the two adhesive surfaces to be in poor contact, and the adhesive will not be firmly attached. Bubbles, separations, etc., cause defective products, so the adhesive material must have good wettability during use.

(2) Fluidity requirements: The fluidity of the adhesive refers to the fluidity of the adhesive in use. According to the specific conditions of the texture of the material to be bonded, different fluidity adhesives are selected. In general, the better the fluidity of the adhesive, the thinner the adhesive, and the lower the viscosity and adhesive strength; the poor fluidity and viscosity of the adhesive. With a high bonding strength (except for hot-melt adhesives). Regardless of fluidity, the adhesive itself must be uniform and moderate.

(3) Viscosity requirements: Viscosity generally refers to the degree of thickening of the adhesive (with the exception of hot-melt adhesives). Viscosity reaction adhesive flow properties. In actual use, no matter what type of binder, the viscosity value should be controlled within a certain range, and the viscosity value cannot be arbitrarily increased due to poor adhesion. It depends on the properties of the bonded object, the type and performance of the binder, and the binder. Viscosity is properly controlled to achieve good adhesion.

(4) Viscosity requirements: The stickiness of adhesive refers to the firm performance of two objects after they are bonded. The adhesiveness mainly depends on the cohesive strength of the adhesive. The cohesive strength of the adhesive can ensure that the adhered material is not adhered. Will fall off and separate. The cohesive strength must be determined according to the requirements of the adherents. If the cohesive strength is too great, the coating will be uneven and unsmooth. The paper will wrinkle after bonding and the warpage will not be equal. If the cohesive strength is too small, Can't bond firmly.

(5) Bonding strength requirements: Bonding strength is an important standard for bonding materials, that is, the degree of bonding. The bond strength can be tested by the following simple method: If the cover is coated with a coating material or fabric and paperboard, the surface of the paperboard to be bonded can also be peeled off when the cover material is peeled off after a certain period of time after the adhesive is dry. In the next layer, the book and the cover are dried and cannot be peeled off or peeled off, and the other layer is still stuck on the top.

(6) The amount of binder required: The amount of binder is the thickness applied to the adhered material. When the wettability of the binder. When the fluidity, strength, viscosity, etc. meet the requirements, the amount of binder is the main link. Therefore, it is required that: (1) The adhesive should be applied less evenly and evenly. Since the strength and fluidity of the adhesive are all acceptable, as long as the applied adhesive layer is thin and uniform, it can completely achieve the effect of firm bonding. Thin and uniform is far thicker than uneven. The smear is much better and reduces the amount of binder. 2 When the viscosity is not enough, do not make up for it with additional amount. Re-adjust or replace the adhesive. Also, do not disperse the adhesive after a large amount of binder has been deposited in order to save time, resulting in too much moisture penetration. Spilled or scattered and unevenly applied, there will be adhesive spilled books, and the adhesiveness will not be strong, which will affect the quality of the book.

(7) Color requirements: The color of the adhesive directly affects the appearance of the book, so the adhesive should be transparent, translucent, white, and white. However, because some hot-melt adhesives need to be heated and heat-melted, such as modern EVA hot-melt adhesives, they must be heated according to the standard of technical parameters when they are used. They cannot be easily heated, otherwise the adhesive temperature is too high or turns round. Heating, long-term cleaning, etc., will make the adhesive aging, darker color, affect the quality of book appearance, and even cause combustion.

What are the major categories of binding materials?

A: There are many kinds of binding materials used in binding, and the sources are extremely broad. There are roughly the following major categories, namely, animal, starch-based, casein, natural resins, celluloses, and artificial synthetic resins.

What is animal adhesive material, including several?

A: An animal's skin, intramuscular tissue and bones, after chopping → lime soaking → washing → acid neutralization → washing → heating → filtration → concentration → cooling setting → cutting → drying → inspection → crushing and other packaging Made of adhesive material. Animal adhesive materials include bone glue, gelatin and fish glue.

What is the characteristics of bone glue? What are the characteristics?