On March 2, "The Journal of Neuroscience" published the latest discoveries about the molecular mechanism of long-term maintenance of synaptic plasticity in the Neuronal Information Processing and Plasticity Research Group of the Institute of Neurology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The continuous activity of nerve cells caused by external stimuli can induce long-term changes in synaptic transmission. This phenomenon is called long-term synaptic plasticity and is considered to be the cellular mechanism for fine modification of developing neural circuits and learning and memory. basis. According to the duration of long-term synapse enhancement (LTP), it can usually be divided into early LTP and late LTP (late LTP, L-LTP). Among them, L-LTP lasts for more than a few hours to a few days, depending on the synthesis of new proteins, so L-LTP is the cytological basis for the formation of long-term memory.
By studying the induction and maintenance of excitatory synapse L-LTP in the retina-parietal plexus in vivo, Gong Liqin and He Lingjie, PhD students of the Institute of Neurology, found that: (1) sustained synaptic activity at minute intervals in time is more conducive to L-LTP Induction and maintenance; (2) the continuous activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors on the postsynaptic membrane within a short time (~ 30 minutes) after synaptic "learning" is stable to L-LTP It is crucial; at the same time, the activation of NMDA receptors depends on the spontaneous firing activity of neurons after "learning".
Previously, it was believed that NMDA receptor activation only plays an important role in the induction phase of synaptic plasticity. The findings of this study endow the continued activation of NMDA receptors after the induction phase to the key role of maintaining synaptic plasticity for a long period of time. These findings also provide a synaptic "learning" mechanism for the doctrine of long-term memory formed by the "time interval" learning proposed in psychophysical or behavioral studies.
The work was completed in collaboration with the Research Institute of Neurology Zhang Xiaohui and the Research Group of Pu Muming, and was awarded the "Innovation Project" (KSCX2-YW-R-29) by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the 973 Project "Plasticity of Brain Structure and Function" (2011CBA00400) Funding.
Legend: Long-term maintenance of synaptic plasticity depends on the activation of NMDA receptors within a short time (30 minutes) after induction.
Rec: recording electrode; Sti: stimulating electrode; T: visual tectum; FB: forebrain; 3xTBS (5 '): three-theta electrical stimulation at five-minute intervals; D-AP-5: NMDA receptor blocker , The shading indicates the dosing schedule.
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