On the Language of Pattern Design

Abstract: The design and teaching of modern patterns embodies the perfect combination of traditional art and modern art. The original design, smooth lines and elegant colors of pattern art show people the progress of human civilization. Pattern design is the carrier of this civilization.

Keywords: pattern modeling aesthetic teaching

First, pattern design learning and appreciation

In the historical process of China, the pattern of colored pottery and bronze, and the porcelain patterns of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties show the splendid achievements of the development of the Chinese civilization. Of course, we can also see a large number of rich fine arts products in various forms of artistic achievements abroad. Such as European decorative art in classical architecture, American Inca culture, Mayan culture. Aboriginal art in Africa, Persian patterns in West Asia, etc. Its bold concept, original shape, smooth lines, elegant colors. The process of human civilization is shown to people. Pattern design is the carrier of this civilization. In the beginning stage of learning the pattern design, we should study according to the basic laws of learning and design. We should pay attention to the basic practice, and pay attention to the accumulation of knowledge, and learn widely.

We must appreciate and learn the fine art of Chinese and foreign designs. Only in this way can we be inspired to learn and design good designs. For example, in the Chinese ancient colored pottery, “people's face fish pattern” and “spiral pattern”, etc., the shape is concise atmosphere, and the techniques are familiar; the monster pattern such as “beast face pattern” in the bronze age is the most common form of bronze ware, and it is also the most common. One of the representative works; the pattern of “Four Gods and Dang Dang” in the Qin and Han Dynasties is another masterpiece of ancient Chinese pattern art. It depicts a circular pattern composed of four dragon-shaped animals: Qinglong, Baihu, Suzaku and Xuanwu. The glorious achievements of the plastic arts of the Han Dynasty; history entered the Wei, Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The appearance of Dunhuang art gave artists greater shock and harvest. Cave art with rich religious culture in the East and the West is displayed in front of our eyes. , murals, wall sculptures, algae patterns, etc., can be regarded as the world's art treasures; of which "Flying" and "Cassette" pattern is the most representative works. Many patterns of beading, lotus and grass are used in the pattern of algae wells. This has played an important role in promoting the arts and crafts of the later Tang and Song dynasties. The Tang Dynasty's "Silk Road" brought greater prosperity and development to the Tang Dynasty. Textile products went to the world through this channel. Fine silk designs came into being and formed an important part of the Tang Dynasty's arts and crafts. Ceramic art is the mainstream art of arts and crafts development in the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. It has different styles in different periods, and the pattern shapes are ever-changing. Blue-and-white porcelain patterns are the best. Produced in the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty cloisonne copper art, the exquisite design and craftsmanship also let future generations sigh.

Today, pattern art has become an indispensable and important part of modern design. We generally divide the pattern art into two parts: the traditional pattern and the folk pattern. There is a certain difference between the folk pattern and the traditional pattern. The traditional pattern is close to mainstream history and culture, while the folk pattern is often from different nationalities and regions. There is a certain regionality, but it cannot be overlooked that folk designs can sometimes provide the best information for the study of folk art and culture. China is a multi-ethnic country, and the folk art is extremely rich, such as the paper-cut grille art in the north and the craftwork. The Miao, Yao, Zhuang, and Yi ethnic minorities in the south are also good at decorating their costumes with different designs and patterns. Among them, the Miao’s most importantly Features, also have a higher appreciation value.

Second, the design of the pattern design pattern design

Modeling includes figures, landscapes, flower plants, and animals. In the process of designing, it must be good at exaggerating and summarizing the physical features of objects. The way of expression must also change according to things. The language of modeling is as rich and perfect as possible. In the modern pattern design work, the shape is mainly reflected in the following three different expression styles and techniques.

1, simple design

Simple refers to the initial stage of the design, from the sketch and collected data for a certain finishing and extract useful shapes to summarize and change, such as: the shape of the branches and flowers, only select the more characteristic head and leaves, etc. Local changes, easy to grasp and generalize. The characters also need to make certain adjustments and summaries, highlight the head and human body's styling features, remove unnecessary details, and try to be concise and general. Animals should also emphasize their overall styling characteristics and dynamics of change so that people can recognize at the first sight the animal's shape. Simple patterns are visually more concise and do not require overly complex changes and decorations. In the Chinese stoneware pottery patterns, the ancients demonstrated the innate artistic talents of human beings with simple and concise patterns.

2, decorative design

Decorative patterns in the form of design emphasizes the decorative effect and changing characteristics of the shape. In the basic graphics, as much as possible, the use of point-line surface rendering techniques to boldly decorate the graphics in order to achieve its best visual effects and Artistic effect. The biggest advantage of decorative patterns is concentrated in the various levels of the graphics. The changes are extremely rich, such as the virtual reality, size, space, distance and other changes. Decorative pattern design requires that designers must have strong performance skills and keen design thinking. The use of decorative forms is very extensive. In addition to the use of patterns, it is also common in decorative paintings, mural paintings, and heavy traditional Chinese paintings. The beauty embodied in the decorative form is the more acceptable to the public, and has a higher academic and better appreciation.

3, creative design

Creativity design refers to the bolder exaggeration and change of form until the pattern can reach a shape with a strong personality, forming a more prominent pattern design with modern design consciousness and concept. This type of pattern work is especially common in modern designs. Designers have paid more attention to the creativity and personality of the design. As modern design, design concepts of patterns and graphics have been integrated and integrated with each other, we can see that modern pattern designs have more or less creative styling techniques and design styles. From another point of view, in addition to being influenced by Western modern art and design concepts, the creative expression of pattern design is more important in that the creative styling techniques can make the design of the artwork work better on the visual impact. Regardless of its shape, space, level and features, it is full of new creative ideas and awareness.

Third, the composition of the pattern design

The biggest feature of pattern design is that the form of its design is quite different from other forms of design. Pattern design usually needs to follow its specific composition rules. This rule is generally reflected in two aspects. In the aspect of pattern design, balance and symmetry are always the most common forms of expression in pattern design. The balance is changed from nature, rationality, and more into its basic compositional rules. The visual effects are extremely free and romantic. Symmetry is more concerned with the law of the balance of the constituent forms, just as the natural form is mostly in the form of symmetry. Whether it is humans, animals, or everything in the world, after careful observation, you will find that most Organisms grow and multiply symmetrically.

From the perspective of human visual characteristics, when people's eyes observe things, the symmetrical form has a good visual balance effect. Therefore, it is not surprising that the symmetrical forms are used in a large number of design works, so the symmetrical form is The application of today's pattern design work follows this rule. On the other hand, it is the form of the pattern. After solving the basic design, the next step is to design the form. We know that the shape of the product is ever-changing, from round to square and other special shapes. This requires the designer to consider the need for applying the product form while considering the design of the pattern design, and to design according to the actual characteristics and style of the product. Therefore, the pattern works we usually see are mostly composed of different product forms, such as: individual patterns, suitable patterns, two continuous, four-square continuous pattern. Each kind of pattern form also embodies the special visual effects and aesthetic features of the applied products, and the individual patterns are simple and generous; it is suitable for rich pattern changes and strong sense of hierarchy; the two parties are organized in an orderly manner and different from each other; Continuous shows the open-minded beauty and infinite space. In short, the form of each pattern has its own aesthetic characteristics.

Fourth, the design techniques of pattern design

The technical performance of pattern design is an important part of pattern design. The performance of patterns is generally divided into two basic forms of black and white patterns and color patterns. Both forms of expression have their own special artistic style and taste.

1, black and white pattern

The primary stage of pattern design is generally based on the design of black-and-white designs. Because black-and-white patterns are relatively simple in terms of their expression relative to color patterns, they are mainly characterized by black and white and two-color space patterns. The line surface is the basic technique of its shape expression. Although only the changes of black and white, but after the performance of the design elements such as point and line surface, the visual effects will reflect distinctive styles and characteristics. In teaching, This is also the best way and means to train students' performance ability, because the use of dot-line elements will run through all design disciplines, such as the design illustration, design layout, design space and other topics are very much in need of this concept of support.

The design of black-and-white patterns just can enhance the understanding and mastery of this skill. The design of black-and-white patterns may seem simple at times, but it is also difficult to design well, especially when you use dotted lines to represent different shapes and features. The process requires a lot of ideas and adjustments; It is the subtle levels and changes that solve the performance effects that lines and surfaces cannot achieve; the lines are the expressions and changes of the rhythm in the search for modeling; the features of the surface are focused on the virtual space of the generalized body changes, the adjustment points and the line changes. Unable to solve the contrast between black and white, virtual and real. In the actual design, all three must be coordinated and supplemented in order to obtain the best performance. The design of black-and-white patterns, if necessary, can also draw on the techniques of modern black and white illustration art and modern print art to enrich existing performance techniques. In order to make black and white designs have higher aesthetic and artistic characteristics.

2, color pattern

The design of color patterns is an important stage in the study of pattern design. From the study, students can fully examine the professional knowledge and performance skills of students' shapes and colors. The expressiveness of color can enhance the visual characteristics and artistic individuality of the patterns, due to the expression of colors. Compared with the black and white forms of expression is much richer, the technique is also very good plasticity, so students can be required in the teaching of color expression as much as possible to learn and learn traditional and modern design expression means, to play a variety of colors feature. In terms of traditional color expression, we can extract the wonderful color expressions and performance techniques from the ancient mural arts, painted pottery arts, Dunhuang arts and traditional Chinese painting arts, and apply them to the design of patterns, such as the simplicity of the colors of the painted pottery. The color of Dunhuang is mysterious and elegant, and the colors of Chinese painting are pure and elegant.

The use of color in Chinese folk art is also very characteristic. Artists' bold expression of color breaks through the inherent color collocation rules of the people.